THE CERTAMEN QUESTIONS DATABASE http://www.speakeasy.org/~bwduncan/index.html THESE QUESTIONS COURTESY OF: BRADFORD W. DUNCAN, STANFORD UNIVERSITY EVENT: N/A LOCATION: N/A SECTION: SUBJECT AREA DIFFICULTY RATING: VARIES DATE: JULY 2001 # OF QUESTIONS: 76 NOTES: M. CARY & H.H. SCULLARD, HISTORY OF ROME DOWN TO THE REIGN OF CONSTANTINE, MACMILLAN PRESS LTD, 1975. THESE QUESTIONS COME FROM CHAPTER 21 (PAGES 212-221, endnotes). WHILE SOME MATERIAL IN THE QUESTIONS WAS INCORPORATED FROM OTHER SOURCES, THE ANSWERS ARE IN CARY & SCULLARD. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. By a law of the Comitia Tributa Sextus Peducaeus had the investigation of what religious portent taken out of the hands of the pontifices? a VESTAL virgin HAD BEEN STRUCK BY LIGHTNING (p. 212) 2. What former censor, famous for his use of the question "Cui bono?" presided over the case of a Vestal Virgin struck by lightning in 114? Lucius CASSIUS LONGINUS Ravilla (p. 212) 3. Cassius Longinus' investigation in 114 BC condemned 3 Vestals on charges of unchastity. What additional steps were taken after the Senate consulted the Subylline books? A GREEK AND A GALLIC COUPLE WERE SACRIFICED (p. 213) 4. Who was the cousin of Metellus Balearicus who had protected the northern frontier of Macedonia by defeating the Scordisci, a Thracian tribe on the lower Save? Gaius METELLUS DELMETICUS (p. 213) 5. Who married the daughter of Gaius Metellus Delmeticus and, as censor in 114 BC, struck at least 35 senators from the roster? Marcus Aemilius SCAURUS (p. 213, 612) 6. Marius came from what hill-town in the Volscian countryside? ARPINUM (p. 213) 7. In what year did the citizens of Arpinum receive full citizenship? 188 (p. 213) 8. Whom did Marius marry circa 111 BC? JULIA, an aunt of Julius Caesar (p. 213) 9. What offices did Marius hold in 119 and 125 BC? TRIBUNATE and PRAETORSHIP, respectively (p. 213) 10. Which ruler, half-Persian and half-Greek by descent, developed a Black Sea empire centered on the rich but narrow territory of Pontus? MITHRIDATES VI (p. 213) 11. What physical change did Marius make in his voting reform bill? MAKE NARROWER the BRIDGES over which voters passed to cast the votes (p. 612) 12. Who was the consul of 129 BC who tranferred Phrygian territory to Mithridates V? Manius AQUILIUS (p. 166, 612) 13. The transfer of Phrygian territory to Mithridates V never received formal confirmation by the Senate. When did the Senate formally repud- iate the grant of territory? the ACCESSION OF MITHRIDATES VI (p. 213, 612) or 130 BC 14. Why did the Senate send the praetor M. Antonius to Pamphylia and western Cilicia? to take measures AGAINST PIRATES there (p. 213) 15. Who refused military aid to Marius in the Cimbric War on the ground that most of his subjects had been abducted by Roman money-lenders? King NICOMEDES II of Bithynia (p. 612) 16. What territory was bequeathed to the Republic in 96 BC by King Ptolemy Apion? CYRENACIA (CYRENE) (p. 214) 17. Who was the father of Kin Ptolemy Apion who tentatively bequeathed Cyrene to the Republic? King PTOLEMY VII Euergetes Physcon (p. 214) 18. Who was the successor of Massinisa in Numidia? MICIPSA (p. 214) 19. What city did Micipsa make his capital? CIRTA (modern Constantine) (p. 214) 20. What were the 3 sons of Micipsa? ADHERBAL, HIEMPSAL, JUGURTHA (p. 214) 21. Who was the illegimiate nephew of Micipsa, whom he adopted as his own son? JUGURTHA (p. 214) see n1. 22. In what year did Micipsa die? 118 BC (p. 214) 23. In 117 BC, whom did Jugurtha have assassinated? Micipsa's son HIEMPSAL (p. 214) 24. Jugurtha forced Adherbal out of his rightful portion of Numidia. What did the Senate do when Adherbal pled his case in Rome? arranged for a commission under Lucius (p. 214) Opimius to DIVIDE TERRITORY BETWEEN THE 2 25. The Roman Senate declared war against Jugurtha after he captured what city and massacred the Italian residents? CIRTA (modern Constatine) (p. 214) 26. In what year did the Jugurthine War begin? 112 BC (p. 214) 27. Which tribune suggested that a number of senators had been bought off by Jugurtha and arranged for Jugurtha to be an informant against them in Rome? Gaius MEMMIUS (p. 214) 28. Which consul led the first Roman forces against Jugurtha in 111 BC? Lucius Calpurnius BESTIA (p. 214) 29. Whose work, Bellum Iugurthinum, is our chief source for the war against Jugurtha? Quintus SALLUSTius Crispus (p. 612) 30. While in Rome Jugurtha had which of his cousins assassinated? MASSIVA (p. 215) see n1. 31. Which Numidian ruler allegedly dubbed Rome "a city for sale"? JUGURTHA (p. 215) 32. Which brothers led the Romans against Jugurtha in 110 BC? SPURIUS and AULUS Postumius ALBINUS (p. 215) 33. After Jugurtha defeated the Roman legions under Aulus Albinus, what did he force them to do? WALK UNDER A YOKE of spears (p. 215) 34. In 110 BC which tribune instituted a special court to investigate cases of recent aristocratic corruption that resulted in the exile of Lucius Opimius, Calpurnius Bestia and Spurius Albinus? Gaius MAMILIUS Limetanus (p. 215) 35. Who was the head of the quaestio Mamilia, which exiled several leaders supposedly bribed by Jugurtha? Marcus Aemilius SCAURUS (p. 215) 36. Who took command of the Roman forces against Jugurtha in 109 BC? Quintus Caecilius METELLUS Numidicus (p. 215) 37. After suffering several losses to Metellus, Jugurtha hired auxiliary troops from the Gaetulian tribes and made an alliance with whom? King BOCCHUS of Mauretania (p. 215) 38. Under whom did Gaius Marius serve as a deputy-general in Africa? Quintus Caecilius METELLUS Numidicus (p. 215) 39. In what year did Gaius Marius hold his first consulship? 107 BC (p. 216, 563) 40. Who established enrollment of proletarii in the army as a regular practice? Gaius MARIUS (p. 216) 41. What southernmost stronghold of Jugurtha was captured and destroyed by Marius in 107 BC? CAPSA (p. 216) 42. Who conducted discussion with King Bocchus that led to the capture of Jugurtha? Lucius Cornelius SULLA (p. 216) 43. What office did Sulla hold in Marius' army? QUAESTOR (p. 216) 44. Who had a seal ring that depicted Bocchus kneeling before him with the captive Jugurtha? Lucius Cornelius SULLA (p. 216) 45. As master of the Roman mint, who issued a coin depicting Bocchus kneel- ing before Sulla with the captive Jugurtha? Sulla's son FAUSTUS (p. 216) 46. In what year did King Bocchus surrender Jugurtha to Sulla? 106 BC (p. 563) 47. When and where was Jugurtha executed? 104 BC in Rome (p. 217) 48. To whom was the eastern part of the Numidia entrusted after Jugurtha was executed? Hiempsal's son GAUDA (p. 217) 49. Who was the consul sent to bar the further advances of the Cimbri and Teutones in 113 BC but was defeated at Noreia? Gnaeus Papirius CARBO (p. 217) 50. Which Roman consul was defeated by the Cimbri and Teutones in 109 BC? Marcus Iunius SILANUS (p. 217) 51. What Celtic tribe joined forces with the Cimbri and Teutones in 109 BC and then broke off from the main group, raided Roman territory on the west bank of the Rhone River? the TIGURINI (p. 217) 52. In 107 BC, which Roman consul was lured into an ambush by the Tigurini and killed? Lucius CASSIUS Longinus (p. 217) 53. Who was the lieutenant of Cassius Longinus who was released along with his men only after they walked under the yoke? Gaius Popillius LAENAS (p. 217) 54. Who was the Roman consul who defeated the Tigurini and looted their chief sanctuary at Tolosa of a terrific amount of gold and silver? Quintus Servilius CAEPIO (p. 217) 55. In what battle in 105 BC did the Cimbri and Teutones deliver the most disastrous Roman defeat since Cannae? battle near ARAUSIO (p. 218) 56. What consul, a novus homo, was defeated at the Battle of Arausio? Cn. MALLIUS Maximus (p. 218) 57. Who was the proconsul who failed to cooperate with the consul Mallius at the Battle of Arausio? Quintus SERVILIUS CAEPIO (p. 218) 58. Marius was elected 7 times. During what 5 years did he hold consecutive consulships? 104-100 BC (p. 218) 59. Marius had his troops excavate a canal between Arles and Fos on the Mediterranean, bypassing the silted Rhone estruary. What was it called? the FOSSA MARIANA (p. 218, 613) 60. In 102 BC Rome faced a triple threat of Northern tribes: the Cimbri, Teutones, and Tigurini. At what battle were the Teutones decisively defeated be Marius' troops? AQUAE SEXTIAE (modern AIX) (p. 218) 61. In 102 BC which consul was defeated by the Cimbri on the upper Adige? Quintus Lutatius CATULUS (p. 218) 62. At what major battle did Roman forces under Marius and Catulus defeat the Cimbri in 101 BC? VERCELLAE (p. 218) 63. In the same year that Marius and Catulus defeated the Cimbri, who drove off the Tigurini in the eastern Alps? Lucius Cornelius SULLA (p. 218) 64. Marius improved the mobility of the army by making the men carry their own entrenching tools and other equipment. What name was given to the soldiers as a result? Marius' MULES or MULI Mariani (p. 219) 65. What Balkan tribe inflicted a severe defeat upon the consul Gaius Porcius Cato in 114 BC? the SCORDISCI (p. 219) 66. After over a decade of minor Roman campaigns against the Scordisci, who finally restored a durable peace in the Balkans in 101 BC? Titus DIDIUS (p. 219) 67. Encouraged by their success in Spain against the Cimbri, the Celtiberians waged a military campaign against the Romans. Who earned a triumph by reducing the Celtiberians in 93 BC? Titus DIDIUS (p. 219) 68. Who was the consul of 97 BC who, after traversing Lusitania from end to end, occupied the harbour of Brigantium in the northwest of Spain? Publius Licinius CRASSUS (p. 219) 69. In 104 BC a decree of the Senate called for the emancipation of men who had been kidnapped and sold into slavery by pirates in the eastern Mediterranean. The influence of slave owners prevented its enforcement in which Roman province and led to slave rebellions? SICILY (p. 219) 70. Who were the two leaders of the Second Sicilian Slave War? ATHENION and SALVIUS (aka King TRYPHON) (p. 219) 71. Which of Marius' lieutenants successfully ended the Second Sicilian Slave War? Manius AQUILIUS (p. 219) 72. That Pompillius allowed the Roman army to pass under the yoke so inflamed public opinion that he was tried and found guilty of what crime? PERDUELLIO (TREASON, HOSTILITY TO THE STATE) (p. 219) 73. In 106 BC which consul carried a lex iudicaria that restored some control of the court de rebus repetundis to the senators? Quintus Servilius CAEPIO (accept SERVILIUS) (p. 219) see n2. 74. The Comitia Centuriata elected Marius to 5 successive consulships without asking the Senate to suspend what law of 180 BC which declared such a practice illegal? Lex VILLIA Annalis (p. 220) see n2. 75. Who was the tribune of 104 BC who failed to secure co-optation to the college of augurs but was successful in carrying a bill that effective- ly tansferred the selection of priests to a special popular assembly of 17 tribes chosen by lot? Gnaeus DOMITIUS Ahenobarbus (p. 220) see n2. 76. Who was the tribune of 104 BC who not only restored the court de repetundis to the Equestrians by repealing Caepio's lex iudicaria of 106 BC but also made accessories to a crime liable to prosecution and established comperindinatio, a system by which a trial was divided into (p. 220, 2 separate parts? Gaius Servilius GLAUCIA 613) see n3. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- n1. Micipsa had 2 brothers, Mastanabal and Gulussa. As the son of Mastanabal and a concubine, Jugurtha was the illegitimate grandson of Masinissa. While in Rome, Jugurtha had his cousin Massiva (Gulussa's son) assassinated. (Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum) n2. A table of Roman laws is available in the history study aids section of this website. n3. Cary & Scullard (p. 220) incorrectly gives Gnaeus rather than Gaius as Servilius Glaucia's praenomen. Bradford Duncan